Management is one of the most essential skills required in any organization. Organizing or managing is the proper establishment of effective authority structures within an organization, designed to enable the group as a whole to function effectively. Or the procedure of dividing work within a department or sections. It involves overall planning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling the affairs of a particular organization. Thus, management is involved here not only in its theoretical meaning but also in its practical application.
Management involves rational and systematic thinking. The main aim of a manager is to achieve the goals for which he has been appointed. A good manager focuses on the achievement of organizational objectives and strives to make his staff work productively according to the defined plans. A good manager is one who can plan the working of an organization efficiently and effectively. He evaluates the performance of his staff, determines the resources required, and makes his staff work productively by planning and organizing their activities.
The three primary functions of a manager are planning, organizing and controlling. The primary functions are often regarded as separate entities and are therefore distinct from each other. However, they are closely related. Managers thus organize their work force and make their employees work productively by planning, organizing, and allocating functions.
A manager’s planning concentrates on the future development of the organization and decides how the present organization can best achieve its goals. This planning includes assigning jobs, tasks, duties, and goals. The tasks and duties are then carried out by employees who perform them in accordance with the plans devised by the manager.
The next phase of organizing is to organize all employees into different groups. This arrangement facilitates communication between individual jobs and teams. Human resources, for example, communicate with all departments and with the organization as a whole. Higher management facilitates this communication by making all employees aware of the organization’s goals and objectives. Higher management may also refer employees to relevant departments when specific tasks or duties need to be performed.
Managers are also the ones responsible for organizing people and for giving them a sense of belonging and purpose. He has to effectively integrate people within the organization so that they work as a unit and contribute to the attainment of organizational objectives. Managers thus plan, organize, and direct employees to attain definite objectives. The major functions of management are, planning, organizing, leading and controlling.